Introduction: Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and other mental condition. Selenium is useful in managing depression and anxiety. Aim: The present study was aimed to investigate the behavior effects of imipramine in presence of selenium on anxiety, spontaneous motor activity and antidepressant behavior. Methods: Mice were divided into 5 groups of six each. Group 1 (control) was given 5ml/kg 1% Tween 80.Group 2 was given selenium (200 μg/kg). Group 3 was given diazepam (1 mg/kg).Group 4 mice was given imipramine (10 mg/kg).Group 5 was given combined treatment of selenium and imipramine. All drugs were injected as sub-acute (three doses), intraperitoneally and administered at 24, 5, and 1.0 hours before scoring. Animals were tested in the elevated plus maze, open field and forced swim test one hour after drugs injections. All drugs were given by intraperitoneal route. Results: Imipramine in the dose used had no anxiolytic effect and no effect on motor activity. Selenium has anxiolytic effect in the plus maze and no effect on spontaneous motor activity. The anxiolytic effect of selenium disappeared when given with imipramine. Both imipramine and Selenium alone produced significant antidepressant effect in the forced swim test, this effect disappeared when selenium was administered with imipramine. Conclusion: Both the anxiolytic effect of selenium and the antidepressant effect of imipramine and selenium was abolished when administered together.

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Introduction: Benzimidazole compounds are known for their reduction of gastric secretion by inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase enzyme. Aim: The gastroprotective activity of the synthesized 1-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzimidazole (HPB) is examined on gastric lesions induced in rats by the oral ingestion of ethanol. Methods: Gastroprotective activity was evaluated by estimation of the numbers and cumulative lengths of glandular gastric ulcers induce by ethanol. The effect of pretreatment with HPB given alone and in combination with ranitidine on the number and length of gastric ulcers; and as well as on gastric volume and total gastric acidity were investigated. Results: Pre-treatment of rats with HPB at the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg IP, significantly decreased the number and the length of ethanol induced gastric ulcers compared to control group. The highest curative ratio 53.89% and the most reduction of gastric acidity were obtained with the highest dose of HPB (50 mg/kg) in combination with ranitidine. Histopathological findings confirmed the protective effect of the HPB. Conclusion: The synthesized benzimidazole derivative (HPB) provided a gastroprotective effects on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. This protective activity may be partly due to its ability to attenuate acid secretion.

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Introduction: Although most of vesicovaginal fistulas (VVF) are iatrogenic, they can also occur as a result of congenital anomalies, neoplastic changes, and complications of radiotherapy. In rural areas, the obstructed labor may lead to the development of VVF. However, the most common cause of VVF in developed areas is iatrogenic damage of the bladder tissue. Aim: To confirm that the immediate repair of iatrogenic urinary bladder injures during obstetric or gynecological surgeries prevents VVF formation, and to identify optimal time and outcome of surgical techniques of VVF repair. Patients & Methods: Prospective study was carried over 9 years and included 95 patients. These patients were divided into two groups; one group underwent immediate intra-operative repair of urinary bladder injuries (n=76), while other group presented with VVF and underwent either reconstructive or urinary diversion surgeries on elective bases (n=19). Results: The mean age of 19 cases having VVF was 29.4 ± 8.4 years. One case was missed and other 18 cases underwent abdominal repair (n=8), vaginal repair (n=5) and permanent urinary diversion (n=5). The time of repair ranged from 2 day to 7 months after detection of VVF. The success rate of post-surgical VVF repair was 92.3%. Conclusion: Immediate repair of urinary bladder injuries during obstetric or gynecological surgeries prevents development of VVF. Post-surgical VVF repair can be done in first post-operative days before inflammatory changes takes place. The result of VVF repair depends on the experience of the surgeon rather than the used surgical techniques.

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